Studies on galaxy formation and evolution have just entered a new phase:
some new generation observational facilities like James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), Atacama Large Millimeter
/ Submillimeter Array (ALMA), Square Kilometre Array (SKA), etc., and we expect a flood of data with unprecedented precision and amount.
We, then, should deeply consider how to deal with such datasets and to tackle physical problems without getting lost on the way of analysis.
I introduce the framework of currently accepted scenario for the galaxy formation and evolution, with a great emphasis on the gaseous side.
On the way, I plan to discuss some statistical aspects of this issue, and point out some differences in the point of view of statisticians and physicists.
